ABAPSELECT_ITAB - SELECT ITAB
ABAPSELECT_ITAB - SELECT ITAB
ROGBILLS - Synchronize billing plans
SUBST_MERGE_LIST - merge external lists to one complete list with #if... logic for R3up
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SELECT, FROM @itab
Short Reference
... @itab
Effect
Specifies an internal table itab as a
host variable whose name must be prefixed with the @ character as a
data source of a
query. The SELECT
statement handles the internal table of the AS ABAP like a DDIC database table that is instantiated on the database. The ABAP types of the columns in the internal table are mapped to suitable
built-in data types in the ABAP Dictionary. If a column is declared with reference to a type in the ABAP Dictionary, this type is used directly.
There are two different cases here:
- The data in the internal table is not required on the database.
-
In this case, the data of the internal table is accessed on the AS ABAP and the table is handled like a table in the
table buffer. This is possible for all database platforms.
- Data in the internal table is required on the database.
-
In this case, the data must be passed to temporary tables in the database before the query is actually
executed. Here, only those columns are transported that need to be accessed. This option is not supported
by all databases. If it is known statically that data is required on the database, a syntax check warning occurs that can be hidden by the pragma ##itab_db_select.
The data in the internal table does not have to be passed to the database, or the statement can then be executed on the AS ABAP, if the SELECT statement fulfills the same
conditions as for accessing the
table buffer for table buffering.
The following conditions apply:
- Only one internal table can be specified in an statement.
- An alias name must be assigned to the internal table using AS.
- The row type of the internal table can be elementary or structured.
- An elementary row type represents a column that can be addressed in the other
clauses of the query using the name table_line
or an alias name defined with AS in the SELECT list.
- A structured row type cannot contain any substructures.
- No deep row types are allowed. An elementary row type cannot be a string or a reference type and
a structured row type cannot contain any strings, reference types, or internal tables as components,
with the following exception: An elementary row type or a component can have the type string
if this is declared using a reference to the built-in dictionary type SSTRING.
- The key fields of a primary
table key in the internal table must be contiguous columns that appear in the same order at the start of the row type.
- If the FROM clause is specified
statically, the internal table cannot be a generically typed formal parameter or a generically typed
field symbol. Such tables can only be specified in a dynamic FROM clause and must represent a suitable internal table at runtime.
- The internal table cannot contain any columns declared with reference to the obsolete dictionary types
DF16_SCL and DF34_SCL.
- The internal table should have an explicitly defined primary key, which can also be empty. Generic primary keys and
standard keys are not evaluated in reads and a syntax check warning occurs.
- As a prerequisite for passing data from the internal table to the database,
FDA write access must be available and switched on, otherwise an exception occurs.
The data in the internal table is handled like data on the database even if it is not transported to the database:
- Data with the type string declared using a reference to the built-in dictionary type
SSTRING is handled like text fields with fixed lengths in which trailing blanks are ignored.
- SQL expressions are evaluated in the same way as on the database, for example:
- Evaluations of the functions DIV and MOD differ from calculations with the identically named
ABAP operators.
The internal table itab is always regarded as a client-independent table. The data type of the first column is never regarded as a client column, regardless of its data type.
Notes
- The data in internal tables should only be transported to the database system if it is actually
needed there. In this case, the pragma ##itab_db_select is used to hide the corresponding syntax check warning.
- The use of an internal table as a data source of SELECT is mainly applicable to joins with data sources from the database. In this case, the data of the internal table is transported to the database.
- An internal table as a data source of SELECT is also, however, a potential alternative to
the statements READ TABLE and LOOP
AT and hence makes syntax possible that cannot otherwise be used.
- If this solution is used, it should be ensured that the data is evaluated on the AS ABAP and that
no data is transported to the database system to be evaluated. A corresponding syntax check warning is raised as a reminder.
- The use of SELECT to access an internal table is usually less efficient than the statements for internal tables and should only be used in cases not covered by these statements.
- The fact that, when accessed on the AS ABAP without data transport, the data in the internal table
is handled like a table in the table buffer does not mean that the data is actually stored here. The corresponding restrictions do, however, apply to the SELECT statement.
- In an ABAP program, it is possible to use the method USE_FEATURES of the class
CL_ABAP_DBFEATURES to check whether the current database system or a database system accessed using a
secondary
connection supports access to internal tables. This requires the constant ITABS_IN_FROM_CLAUSE of this class to be passed to the method in an internal table.
- The pragma ##db_feature_mode[itabs_in_from_clause] can be used to hide a syntax warning from the
extended
program check indicating that data in the internal table is being passed to an invalid database. If such an attempt is made at runtime, a catchable exception of the class
CX_SY_SQL_UNSUPPORTED_FEATURE is raised.
- In internal tables with elementary row types, the name of the
pseudo component
table_line cannot be the name of a structure in ABAP. An inline declaration using @DATA$|@FINAL
(...) can only be made in the INTO
clause if the column table_line of the result set is assigned an alias name using AS.
- If an internal table is used as a data source, the syntax check is performed in strict mode from Release.
Example
Use of an internal table as the data source of an inner join of a SELECT
statement. The data is transported to the database due to the join and the statement can only be executed in database systems where joins are supported.
Example
Use of a table of random numbers as a data source of a SELECT
statement. The data is transported to the database due to sorting and the statement can only be executed in database systems where sorting is supported.
Example
Use of a table with an elementary data type as the data source of two SELECT
statements. The data is not needed on the database and the SELECT statements meet the requirements for
table buffering. This means that the statements
can be executed on all database systems. In the second SELECT statement, a syntax error would
occur without the alias name number, since the inline declaration after INTO cannot create
an internal table with the column name table_line. If the statements were modified in a such
a way that they no longer met the requirements for table buffering, for example, by adding the addition DISTINCT, it would not be possible to execute them on all database systems.
Fill RESBD Structure from EBP Component Structure
ABAP Short Reference
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