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Dokumentation

RFKUZI00 - Calculate Interest on Arrears

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Description

Per vendor account and currency, this program debits interest on arrears resulting from items that have not yet been paid or were paid too late. You can also create an interest payment for items paid prematurely. The letter includes the following:

• text of the letter

• item information in chosen level of detail

• an optional interest rate overview

• an interest amount overview differentiated by interest rates

There are three system variants available for calculating interest. SAP recommends that you use these.

• Without open items

SAP&KUZI01: If you are only calculating interest on cleared items and you will be posting the interest immediately thereafter. Interest will be calculated for these items based on the due date for net payment.

• With open items

SAP&KUZI02: If you are calculating interest for open as well as cleared items, and you will be posting the interest amounts immediately thereafter. Interest is calculated for these items as of the upper limit of the last interest calculation run.

• Without postings

SAP&KUZI03: If you do not want to post the interest. In this variant, interest is always calculated from the due date for net payment.

Requirements

1. You have defined an interest indicator and made all further specifications for the indicator. Check whether this requirement has been met. For more information, see the Financial Accounting Implementation Guide activity Define Interest Calculation Types.

Proceed

1. You have defined the form used for interest calculation. Check whether this requirement has been met.
1. If necessary, define your own forms. To do this, you can copy the standard form, F_KUZI_01, as a reference. The text elements for the header, footer, sender, and signature that are specified for each company code in the dunning program are used in this form.
2. Define the names of the forms for your interest indicators. More documentation is available in the Financial Accounting Implementation Guide under Define Forms for Interest Indicators.

Proceed

1. Make sure that the required interest indicator is entered in the master records of the vendors who are to be included in the interest calculation.
2. To post the interest, you have to define the account determination and the document type to be used in the system settings for Financial Accounting. You reach each entry screen in the configuration function using the Goto menu option.

Account determination is made using the posting interface of application "0002" (calculation of interest on arrears). The following specifications are required:

• First, via control, you specify which account determination keys are used. You have to maintain "1000" (interest received) and "2000" (interest paid) for the account determination key "Business transaction". The other account determination keys are optional.

• The account assignment must be completely entered on the G/L account side (interest received or interest paid). Only the posting key is required for debiting and crediting the vendor account. An entry in the G/L account field of the account assignment is not relevant for vendors. Interest postings cannot be entered as noted items.

• The document type for posting interest must be defined. You can find information on defining the document type in the Financial Accounting Implementation Guide under Prepare Interest on Arrears Calculation (Customers).

Proceed

Output

You can create a letter with a list of items per vendor and currency. The following lists are also generated:

• account overview (optional)

• additional log (optional)

• error log (if errors occur)

Account Overview

Before actually calculating interest, you may want to have an overview of the accounts in which interest on arrears is incurred so that you can perhaps exclude an account from the interest calculation or calculate interest only for certain accounts. By selecting the parameter Create account overview, you can have the program list all interest due per account and currency. The program also lists the tax codes and business areas used. If you only want to print the account overview and not the letter, do not select the option Create form.

Additional Log

By selecting the option Create additional log you can have the program list the accounts and items selected and processed in the calculation of interest on arrears. In this log, you can find out, among other things, why interest was not calculated for an account or an item. Using further parameters, you can limit the additional log to certain accounts irrespective of the accounts selected for the interest calculation.

Error Log

The program creates an error log if errors occur during processing. The following errors can occur, for example:

• Form not found in the language of the customer. The form languages that are used instead are specified.

• Interest rate could not be determined because the interest rate was defined incorrectly.

• Interest indicator not defined.

Sorting the Letters

• company code

• interest calculation indicator

• account number

• currency

• (contract number)

• main open item accounts (tax code = blank)

• special open item accounts

The items in a letter are sorted as follows:

• clearing procedure

• posting date

• document number

• line item

Interest Calculation Procedure and Specifications for Interest Calculation

Item Selection

The items for which interest is calculated are selected using the specifications you make in the interest indicator. Before each interest calculation, you can make further specifications using the selection criteria and program parameters. However, the program includes only those items:

• that are posted to a vendor account that has an interest calculation indicator in its master record, and

• that are not blocked for interest calculation.

The specifications for the interest indicator are briefly explained below:

• open and all cleared items

The program includes those open items that are posted up to the upper limit of the period. Items that are posted after the upper limit of the period are not included. If the clearing date (posting date of the clearing) is after the upper limit of the period, the program selects the item as an open item.

In addition, the program selects clearing transactions that contain a payment. These are transactions in which one of the cleared items is a payment. It also includes clearing transactions that only contain credit memos and offsetting entries instead of payments.

• open items and items cleared with a payment

The program includes those open items that are posted up to the upper limit of the period. Items that are posted after the upper limit of the period are not included. If the clearing date (posting date of the clearing) is after the upper limit of the period, the program selects the item as an open item.

In addition to the open items, the program includes only those clearing transactions that contain a payment. This enables you to exclude the clearing transactions that only contain credit memos and offsetting entries in addition to the invoices.

• no open items - all cleared items

This option prevents open items from being selected. The program then only includes cleared items. The clearing date (posting date of the clearing) must be within the period of interest calculation.

• no open items - only items cleared with a payment

This option prevents open items from being selected. The program includes only those cleared items that contain a payment. The clearing date (posting date of the clearing) must be within the period of interest calculation.

The time period from the due date for net payment to the clearing date forms the basis for calculating interest on a receivable. If the clearing document is a payment, interest is calculated up until the document date of the payment.

When calculating interest on down payment requests that were cleared by down payments, the system tries to find the document date of the down payment, and use it as the upper limit of the interest calculation. If this is not possible, the program calculates interest up to the clearing date, and lists in the error log the down payment requests for which a down payment document was not found.

If an item is still open at the upper limit of the interest calculation period, the program calculates interest only up until that date. If the item was already open at the lower limit of the interest calculation period, the program calculates interest from that date.

By selecting the appropriate program option, you can include the date of the last interest calculation. After the program is executed, the date is entered via batch input into the master records of the vendor accounts in which interest was calculated. If you select this option, the program

• does not include any cleared items with a clearing date before or on the date of the last interest calculation

• calculates interest on an open item from the date of the last interest calculation.

Using the date of the last interest calculation enables you to prevent a period from being settled twice.

Interest can be calculated from the due date for net payment. This is useful if you are calculating interest only for cleared items. In this case, interest on an item is always settled after clearing. The date of the last interest calculation in the master record is then only displayed for your information.

Further specifications for the interest indicator include the following:

• Calculate interest on items paid before due date

If you select this option in the interest indicator, credit interest is charged on the items paid prior to the due date, provided that the item was not paid with cash discount. Credit interest rates are used for this.

For partial payments that are made prior to the due date of the invoice, interest is calculated from the document date if this field is selected. If not, interest is calculated from the due date of the invoice.

• Only calculate interest on debit items

Select this option if you do not want to calculate interest on credit items because they will, for example, produce interest that is credited. Otherwise, a credit entry is treated in the same way as a debit entry; in particular, the same interest rate is used in the interest calculation. Reason: if the credit memo is not immediately offset with the invoice, that is, it is not cleared until later, both the invoice and the credit memo are "overdue" and therefore balance out in terms of interest.

Note the due date for net payment: A credit memo is usually due immediately, unless it is a credit memo with a fixed value date or is invoice-related. You should therefore make sure that interest is not credited unintentionally because the due date is not the same as the due date of the receivable.

• Tolerance days

If interest is to be calculated on an item, the program adds the tolerance days defined in the interest indicator to the due date for net payment as long as the item was not paid (cleared) before the due date.

If there is another period in which interest should be calculated on an item because of the upper limit of the period or the document date of the clearing, the program calculates interest on the item from the due date for net payment or from the lower limit of the interest calculation period. Otherwise, the item is not selected.

• Transfer days

Transfer days are the days a payment may need to reach the payee from the payer (the processing time at the bank required for payment transfers, for example). The transfer days are subtracted from the document date of incoming payments.

Calculating the Interest and Charging it to the Account

If an item qualifies according to the above criteria for the interest calculation, the program first calculates the number of days overdue depending on the calendar type you defined in the interest indicator. With the Gregorian or French calendar, the program calculates the exact number of days. If a bank calendar or the Japanese calendar is specified, the program determines the days according to the bank calendar. Each month in a bank calendar has 30 days.

A different number of days will be calculated for each year depending on the type of calendar:

• 360 days for the bank calendar and French calender

• 365, or 366 if leap year is included, for the Gregorian and Japanese calendar

You specify the calendar type in the interest indicator. You also make the following specifications to calculate the interest:

• Use interest calculation numerators

If you select this option, the system first determines the interest calculation numerators resulting from the amount and the days it calculates. Otherwise, the system immediately calculates the interest on the item.

• Round-off interest calculation numerators

If you select this option, the system immediately rounds off the interest calculation numerators it determines.

• Min/max amount and no interest payment

To determine whether an interest settlement is to be created, the system internally calculates interest on all items for which interest is to be calculated. If the interest amount determined for each account and currency is less than the amount you specify as the minimum/maximum amount in the interest indicator, the interest is not charged.

If you select the option no interest payment, the system will not create an interest settlement when the credit interest amount is at least as much as the minimum/maximum amount.

Specifying and Determining the Interest Rate

The system usually calculates interest using the reference interest rates defined in the system. You store the interest rates under the keys interest reference, currency and date from which the interest rate is valid.

To determine the interest rates used for particular items, the system uses the terms you specify in the fields Interest indicator, Currency, and Date (as of which the term is valid), as well as a consecutive number.

The system then determines the final interest rate using the defined function modules (standard function modules DEBIT_INT_RATE_DETERMINE or CREDIT_INT_RATE_DETERMINE). It also adds the discount or surcharge specified in the interest indicator to the reference interest.

If the interest rates are to be determined by an external function module, you must enter the name of the module in the Function module field when defining the interest indicator. The transfer occurs in the subroutine INTEREST_RATES_EX, where you can also find out which fields are to be filled. The structure of the interest rate table, ZSTAB, is predefined by the data dictionary structure RFDUZI10.

Form Selection

If you do not specify a form name for the interest calculation, the system uses the form defined in the interest indicator. The language of the form is the language of the recipient. If the form does not exist in this language, the system uses the language in which you created the form (usually the company code language).

Taxes on Sales and Purchases for Interest

If tax on sales and purchases is to be calculated for the interest, proceed as follows:

• You can define a tax code for the interest indicator in the system. Tax is calculated on the interest amount and displayed.

Interest Posting and Account Determination for the Interest Posting

If you select the option Post interest settlement, the system places the interest postings in a batch input session.

Account determination is made using the posting interface. For information on the requirements to be met for this, see the section "Requirements".

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This documentation is copyright by SAP AG.

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