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SAPF100 - Foreign Currency Valuation

SAPF100 - Foreign Currency Valuation

CL_GUI_FRONTEND_SERVICES - Frontend Services   CL_GUI_FRONTEND_SERVICES - Frontend Services  
This documentation is copyright by SAP AG.
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Description

This program performs foreign currency valuation.

The following items/accounts are valuated:

  • Open items
  • G/L accounts that are managed in a foreign currency

In foreign currency valuation, you have the following options:

  • You can perform valuation in the local currency or a parallel local currency (for example, group currency).
  • You can use different valuation methods (for example, HGB or US GAAP).

The result of the valuations can be stored per valuated document and posted to adjustment accounts and P&L accounts.

Valuation process

Selection

  • Open Items:
The customer, vendor, and G/L account open items on the key date are read and balanced by account or group and currency.
  • G/L Accounts Balances:
Reconciliation accounts and accounts managed on an open item basis are not valuated. P&L accounts are only valuated as required: See also: "FASB 52 Translation".

Grouping

The documents or balances are grouped together according to currency and account (or by corporate group or valuation group). The exchange rate type for the valuation is taken from the balance obtained for each grouping.

Valuation

  • Open Items:
The items that are untranslated at the key date are summarized per invoice reference or account/group.
If the result does not correspond to the method selected (for example, if a profit arises using the lowest value principle), no valuation difference is output.
  • G/L Account Balances
The balance is translated per currency and account/group using the exchange rate for the key date. The valuation difference determined is compared with the valuation method specified (for example, lowest value principle).

Posting

The valuation differences are posted in summarized form. The accounts are determined using the valuation area selected.

The following postings may arise during open item valuation:

  • Valuation posting
  • Resetting all valuation postings if the valuation did not affect the financial statements.
  • Always applies for GR/IR accounts

  • When using alternative valuation areas

  • Resetting old realized differences (open items already cleared, for example) for a valuation that affects the financial statements.
  • Posting new realized differences (open items already cleared, for example) for a valuation that affects the financial statements.

The balance valuation postings can be reversed if required.

Account Determination

The postings for accounts managed on an open item basis in the subledger and the general ledger are posted to an adjustment account and a P&L account.

The postings to G/L accounts not managed on an open item basis are posted to adjustment accounts if, as above, entries exist for this account. Otherwise, the exchange rate difference key from the G/L account master record is used for account determination.

Changing a document

The valuation differences are saved in the documents if the valuation performed affects the financial statements.

  • For items that have already been cleared, the new realized difference determined is saved in the document.
  • The difference is not saved for GR/IR accounts, since clearing does not reset the valuation. A posting is only made if you use valuation areas here.

Requirements

Before you can perform foreign currency valuation, you have to make settings in Customizing. You can find these settings in Customizing for Financial Accounting under General Ledger Accounting -> Business Transactions -> Closing -> Valuate -> Foreign Currency Valuation.

  • You need to have already defined your valuation method. To do this, choose Define Valuation Methods .
    Proceed
  • You need to have defined the accounts for the expense and revenue from the valuation. For receivables and payables accounts, you also need to have defined the numbers of the financial statement adjustment accounts. To do this, choose Prepare Automatic Postings for Foreign Currency Valuation.
    Proceed

Check also that you have made the following settings:

  • Check whether you have defined an exchange rate for each foreign currency.
  • Check whether you have defined the posting keys for the adjustment postings.
  • If you want to use an alternative valuation area, check whether the following settings exist:
  • Check whether you have defined the alternative valuation area.

  • Check also whether you have defined account determination for the alternative valuation area.

  • When you are valuating tax accounts and then making postings, you have to post using a tax key. This tax key, however, should not appear in the reporting for tax on sales/purchases. To do this, use the assignment "Company Code -> Non-Taxable Transactions".

Output

The output is in three lists:

  • List of valuated line items or G/L account balances
  • List of postings, or postings proposed
  • List of messages (separate spool file)

To accelerate the program, you can save the lists to the database and display them separately. To do this, use the program Display Logs (FAGL_PROT). On the selection screen, enter the program name SAPF100.

Example

Example of valuation postings

An invoice for 100 USD is posted in the local currency as 170 DEM.

On the key date, this item is valuated using an exchange rate of 1.50. A valuation expense of ( 150 - 170 ) 20 DEM arises. This expense is posted as follows:

Debit expense account Credit B/S adjustment account On key date
230010 140099 20 DEM

  • Valuation that affects the financial statements
For a valuation that affects the financial statements, the valuation difference is noted in the item. The valuation difference is cleared when the invoice is cleared.
  • A valuation that does not affect the financial statements
For a valuation that does not affect the financial statements, all postings are reversed at the reversal date. You can also enter a special period as the reversal period.
Debit expense account Credit B/S adjustment account On key date
230010 140099 20 DEM
Reversal
140099 230010 20 DEM

Example: Valuation of an invoice that has already been cleared
(affects financial statements)/without alternative valuation area.

If the item was cleared after the key date, the valuation postings for these items are adjusted by the program:

  • The realized exchange rate difference is reset
  • The new difference is posted to the expense/revenue account for realized exchange rate differences.

Background

The total saved for realized and unrealized differences is required by the subsequent programs (SAPF180, SAPF181).




Invoice 100 USD 160 DEM (RDIFF = 3-DEM)
Payment 100-USD 160 DEM Customer
100 USD 157 DEM Bank
3 DEM Realized exchange rate difference

Valuation at 1,56
Valuation posting 4 DEM Valuation loss
Valuation posting 4-DEM Adjustment account
Reversal posting 3 DEM Adjustment account to
Reversal posting 3-DEM Realized exchange rate difference expense
Reversal posting 1 DEM Adjustment account to
Reversal posting 1-DEM Realized exchange rate difference revenue


The new realized difference (+1) is noted in the item in the "RDIFF" field
Field BDIFF displays the valuation difference (-4).

Further Information

Performing the Translation in Accordance with FASB 52

Valuation in local currency
In the first step, the foreign currency items and balances are valuated and posted to P&L accounts in the local currency. In addition, the valuation difference is translated into the group currency and posted.
The parameter "Carry Out Translation" is selected.

Open items
The local valuation difference is saved per item,
and the difference translated in the group currency
is stored in an additional valuation area.

G/L Account Balances
Valuate all accounts (including P&L accounts) in local currency.
For depreciation accounts, only valuate the current period.

Currency Translation
In the second step, the valuated local currency amount is translated into the group currency.
Define where
the valuated local currency amount comes from; either from
the currency type, or from a valuation area.
The parameter "Carry Out Translation" is selected.
The local currency amount is translated in the group currency.

Example for open items:

Three valuation areas are used.

  • RE FC valuation - currency type 10. This is used for account determination for foreign currency valuation and for storing the local difference.
  • RT Difference in group currency (30). This saves the translation difference from the translation from local into group currency from the first step (foreign currency valuation).
  • TR Translation - currency type 30. This is used for account determination and can - but does not have to - contain the translation differences.

Process

1) Invoice: 1000 FRF 290 DEM 181.25 USD (exchange rate DEM/USD 1.6)

2) Valuation of 1000 FRF results in a
Valuation difference
of 10 DEM and 6.25 USD (10 DEM translated into USD)
Post in valuation area RE 10 DEM and 6.25 USD
Save 10 DEM in valuation area RE
Save 6.25 USD in valuation area RT

3) Translation: Valuation of valuated local
currency amount
in group currency
Local balance: DEM 300 (290 DEM + 10 DEM
from valuation area RE)
Group balance: USD 187.50 ( 181.25 USD + 6.25 USD
from val. area RT)
Valuation at 0.5 results in a difference of 37.50 USD
( 150 USD - 187.50 USD = 37.50 USD)

Transaction in first local currency DEM
Receivables 290 DEM
Adjustment account 10 DEM
Exchange rate gain -6.25 USD

Transaction in second local currency, USD
Receivables 181.25 USD
Adjustment account 43.75 USD
Exchange rate gain -10 USD
Equity +37.50 USD






RFUMSV00 - Advance Return for Tax on Sales/Purchases   Vendor Master (General Section)  
This documentation is copyright by SAP AG.

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